在上世纪之交，汽车制造商外包了一半以上的业务活动。
At the turn of the last century, carmakers outsourced more than half of all activities.
70年代出现的模块化，使公司能够通过将业务外包给专门从事特定活动或技术的合作伙伴，来提高效率并应对需求波动。
Modularity, which emerged in the 70’s, allows companies to increase efficiency and deal with fluctuating demand by outsourcing to partners who specialise in a particular activity or technology.
2023年，汽车公司外包了哪些流程？
WHAT PROCESSES DO AUTOMOTIVE COMPANIES OUTSOURCE IN 2023？
推动消费者转向电动和混合动力汽车的趋势，促使汽车公司开始重新审视他们所需的技能——由于汽车的机械系统越来越少，汽车制造商必须越来越多地与其他行业竞争软件开发人员、电气和电子专家。
The push for consumers to move to electric and hybrid vehicles is causing Automotive companies to review the skills they need – as vehicles feature fewer mechanical systems, automakers must increasingly compete with other sectors for software developers, electrical and electronic experts.
尽管电气化的不确定性持续存在，并影响了新冠疫情后的市场复苏，但外包为可变需求提供了一种解决方案，且不会使劳动力膨胀。
Whilst uncertainty about electrification persists and affects post-COVID market recovery, outsourcing offers a solution for variable demand without inflating the workforce.
汽车行业的公司为什么要外包？
WHY DO COMPANIES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR OUTSOURCE?
在生产和物流方面，成本、技能短缺和质量是汽车公司外包的三大原因。
In production and Logistics cost, skills shortages and quality are the top 3 reasons Automotive companies outsource.
成本降低与自动化密切相关。在物流、会计和营销等领域，外包可以提供跨部门的专业知识，从而改进：
Cost reduction is closely linked to automation. In areas like Logistics, Accounting and Marketing outsourcing can offer cross-sector expertise which improve:
- 流程监控 Process monitoring
- 自动化流程的数量和类型 The number and type of processes automate
- 输入和输出时的人机交互界面 The human interface with machines at input and output。
品牌正在重新定义其对消费者的核心价值，以及在拥有众多新玩家的市场中的定位。
Brands are in the process of redefining their core value for consumers and their position in a market with many new players.
因此，每个汽车制造商都有不同的方法来内化以前外包的流程，并利用供应商来获取人才和创意。
As a result, each automaker has a different approach to internalising previously outsourced processes and using suppliers to access talent and ideas.
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